Peking University’s AI teaching assistant “Brainiac Buddy” (BB) has been successfully applied to multiple courses at the School of Mathematical Sciences, including “Mathematical Methods in Image Processing,” since the fall semester of 2023. Leveraging generative language models and the retrieval-augmented generation technology framework, BB not only accurately addresses student inquiries by providing extensive course materials and references, but also constructs personalized knowledge bases to assist students in in-depth preparation and review. BB’s heuristic Q&A feature fosters independent thinking by using counterquestions to stimulate inquiry and creativity, effectively promoting active learning. For teachers, BB is also a powerful tool, aiding in the development of lesson plans and the design of test banks.